Vertical Dimension and Occlusal Plane Control in Class 2 Malocclusion Treatment

– Role of vertical dimension and occlusal plane angulation in Class 2 diagnosis and treatment planning
– Cephalometric and clinical indicators of vertical excess and deficiency in Class 2 cases
– Influence of occlusal plane control on mandibular positioning, facial aesthetics, and long-term stability
– Comparison of conventional, skeletal anchorage–assisted, and hybrid vertical control approaches
– Biomechanical strategies for vertical dimension control using fixed appliances, aligners, and TADs
– Effects of vertical control on soft tissue harmony and smile aesthetics
– Case-based applications of occlusal plane modification in Class 2 correction
– Integration of vertical control principles in comprehensive treatment planning for adolescent and adult patients.