AI Applications in Endodontics

— AI-assisted detection and classification of periapical lesions and apical periodontitis on dental radiographs and CBCT

— AI-supported analysis of root canal anatomy, including curved, calcified, and complex canal systems

— Automated working length estimation and AI-assisted assessment of root canal morphology

— Detection and segmentation of endodontic findings, including missed canals, periapical pathology, and vertical root fractures

— AI-assisted treatment planning and decision support in primary and retreatment cases

— Current evidence, limitations, and clinical validation of AI tools in endodontics

— Where AI can support clinical decision-making and where independent clinician assessment remains essential.